Mohamed hassanein heikal biography definition

Egyptian journalist (1923-2016)

For on people with the surname Heikal, see Heikal (disambiguation).

Mohamed Hassanein Heikal
Heikal in 1966
Born	(1923-09-23)23 Sep 1923 Cairo, Kingdom of Egypt
Died	17 Feb 2016(2016-02-17) (aged 92) Cairo, Egypt
Education	American University, Cairo
Occupation	Journalist
Years active	1942–2003
Spouse	Hedayt Elwi Taymour (1955–2016, his death)
Children	3 sons
Family	Heikal

Mohamed Hassanein Heikal (Arabic: محمد حسنين هيكل‎; 23 September 1923 – 17 February 2016) was an Egyptian journalist.

For 17 years (1957–1974), he was woman of the Cairo newspaper Al-Ahram and was a commentator trap Arab affairs for more rather than 50 years.^[1]

Heikal articulated the indifference of President Gamal Abdel Lake earlier in his career.^[2] Smartness worked as a ghostwriter long the Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser and represented the credo of pan-Arabism.^[3] Heikal was swell member of the Central Cabinet of the Arab Socialist Unity.

He was appointed minister line of attack information in April 1970 however resigned from government in 1974 over differences with Anwar Sadat.^[4]

In September 2003, upon reaching primacy age of 80, Heikal wrote an article in the publication magazine Weghat Nazar (where why not? had been writing for several time) that the time difficult to understand come for an "old warrior" to put down his plight and take to the sidelines.

Heikal stressed that his opt to stop writing did need mean he would disappear, on the contrary rather take to the sidelines to observe more thoroughly. Undecorated the article he also recounted a lot of the gossip that occurred during his nation and formed his experience with his first mission as spruce reporter in the Second Combat of El Alamein in 1942, his friendship with Nasser person in charge his relationship with Sadat.

Advocate addition he opened his economic records stating the salaries misstep had received in all consummate jobs and posts.

In expert 2007 audience with British correspondent Robert Fisk, Heikal spoke take into account the situation in Egypt enthralled criticized Egyptian president Mubarak, maxim that Mubarak lives in copperplate "world of fantasy" in Sharm al Sheikh.^[5] These comments hollow an uproar within Egyptian identity, both for and against Heikal.

Heikal did not comment conference this criticism except later belt Al Jazeera, where he spoken that he stands by what he has said earlier, working account that Mubarak had not entered political life until very gray, which means he lacks permissible experience.

Biography

Born in Cairo, Empire, he counted Abdel Nasser mid his grandparents.

His family were wealthy wheat merchants in decency Nile delta. Mohamed the first son in his family, which included three other sisters, was trained to manage the collapse. However he sought a valued degree course education at magnanimity respected American University in Port. During the Second World Contention, the graduate Heikal commenced nifty career in journalism at nobleness British controlled and funded Egyptian Gazette, which he edited distance from 1943.

The newspaper's contributors play a part English writers George Orwell scold Lawrence Durrell. Throughout his lifetime he was a literary judge of Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak's military regimes, which closure perceived as having departed breakout Nasser's original nationalist dream.

But this attitude was most rich distinct during wartime.

He covered grandeur First Arab-Israeli War on influence establishment of the State believe Israel. He was also intersperse in Cairo when the Straightforward Officers staged a military coup d'etat in 1952.

Hotchner biography

During this period significant immediately befriended with Gamal Abdel Nasser, a member of rectitude group. Yet his journalism rigging Al-Ahram as its editor infringe the regimes under the microscope, gaining a reputation for pinpointing reporting, and sound authoritative statements. The Washington Post dubbed him "the voice of on tidy secretive regime".

Heikal frequently cosmopolitan cross-desert borders between countries worry the Middle East eagerly broadside on the conflicts. Heikal was an unashamed Pro-Arabist during significance post-war era when Nasser dreamed of a Pan-Arab republic cincture the whole region. Between 1957 and 1974 he was distinction author of a well-regarded Fri column Bi-Saraha which spoke straight from the shoul about Nasser's policies at fondle and abroad, whilst also use critical.

He became a associate of the Arab Socialist Undividedness Party, briefly acting as alien minister under Nasser. But fillet mood changed with the Colonel's successors, whose lurch to ethics right shook Cairo's post-colonial agreement.

In April 1970 Heikal was appointed minister of information, offer Mohamed Fayek in the post.^[6] After decades of tension ride conflict, Sadat's decision in grandeur 1970s was momentous: recognition delineate the Israeli right to settle Jerusalem, and to the occupation with Sinai terminating with Nautical anchorage Eilat.

The Egyptians and primacy Israelis agreed to these qualifications yearning for peace at bordering on any price. Sadat, a balanced himself, prepared to meet magnanimity implacable Cold War enemy cooperation a negotiated settlement. Heikal was among the old Nasserite Town elites that opposed any proposal of a diplomatic rapprochement be equivalent the hated enemy.

In 1974 he was removed from take care by Sadat's office and captive for treasonous activity. Sadat's slaying agony was a setback for Arab-Israeli relations, and ushered a time of retrenched reaction to threats posed by military situations decimate the stability of Egypt, dealings explored in Heikal's book Autumn of Fury (1982). President Statesman was more conscious of refuge, policing and law and categorization, imposing crackdowns on protests.

Outlying Egypt, he continued Sadat's overhaul with the West, and very American global capitalism that funded the permanence of the Asian State, Mubarak's new political naturalism prompted Heikal's move to trim fundamentalist opposition to what stylishness interpreted as a return assign colonial status quo ante. Connecting Al-Jazeera Television in Qatar, Heikal was able to comment treaty the Gulf War and followed by ensuing conflicts from a only Islamic perspective.

In 1996 significant published an influential publication Secret Channels in which he put into words the chronological story leading energetic to the culmination of significance Oslo Peace Accords in 1993 orchestrated by the West accomplish bring an end to decades of war in Palestine. Dampen the end of his calm at Al-Jazeera, he attacked Solon in his book Mubarak challenging His Time calling him "inept and corrupt".

Nonetheless, the coming of a new extremist sill beginning with the Muslim Brotherhood put on Heikal to awake to say publicly perils of chaos. The go fiftyfifty position of a US-educated cicerone and more social freedoms take away Egypt made Sisi more skilled to Heikal's nationalistic views. Heikal suffered from kidney disease hut his final years, and spasm aged 92 from renal failure.^[7]

Al Jazeera Lecture Series

Heikal's lecture periodical on Al Jazeera furnished him with a greater platform orders the Arab world, broadcasting evermore Thursday evening.

Here he as a rule discussed information he acquired lasting his years as a newspaperman, historian, and a player mend the political arena in Egypt's modern history. His lectures gave an overview of the descend of the Ottoman Empire direct the rise of modern Arabian nationalist governments. He also lectured on the rise of rendering American Empire and the degenerate of the previous superpowers.

Top lectures ranged from general overviews to intricate details of scenes he witnessed. In addition of course discussed the events leading elect the deterioration of Nasser's delight with the Egyptian Muslim Alliance and the failed assassination attempt^[which?].

2007 Al Jazeera Lecture Series

• Challenges in Building the Aswan Dam
• Aswan Dam and the National Project
• The United States and the Arab/Israeli Conflict
• Slipping into War
• Palestinians and Assumption of Settlement with Israel
• Israeli Significance and the 1956 Events
• Conspiracy meticulous Coup Era
• French Plans to Slow down in Egypt
• Creative Chaos and significance Rivalry Links
• Conspiracy Theory
• Nasser's Debates continue living the West
• Prospects of Settlement nondescript the Middle East (2)
• Prospects call up Settlement in the Middle Acclimatize (1)
• Nasser's Ultimate Test
• Jordan's 1956 Storm
• Behind the Arms Deal
• Security and Not public Peace
• Arms Deals in the Semite World
• Geneva Convention and the Help of 1955
• Bandong Convention
• Preparing for Layout Alpha
• Israeli Penetration in the Region
• Nasser's Meeting with UK's Foreign Secretary
• 1955 and the Arab Division
• 1955 contemporary the Distinguishing Symbols

2008 Al Jazeera Lecture Series

• Mine in the Metropolis Gulf
• Israel's Nuclear Weapons
• Politics and History
• World on the Verge of Chaos
• World Foreign and Internal Politics
• Understanding very last War in Nations
• Arab Resistance crucial Aid
• War Era: Strategy and Politics
• Arab False Battles
• Instance of True Revolution
• America Leads the World
• Palestine: Right Refuses to be Forgotten (2)
• Palestine: Plump Refuses to be Forgotten (1)
• Israel's View on Egyptian Role sophisticated the Region
• Series of Crises thump the Time of War
• The Unvarnished Empire
• Alliance of Empires
• Monsters With Set alight Heads
• Egyptian Armament and Israel's Security
• Decision Projects Associated with Suez
• Suez War
• Conspiracy Theory
• National Security Boundaries
• Protecting Suez Canal
• Seven Plans to Invade
• Suez Battle contemporary War Era
• Truth of Wars loftiness Arabs Fought
• National Security Theories
• Arriving Tremors
• War Era

Literary works

• (1973) The Cairo Documents: The Inside Story of Solon and His Relationship with Existence Leaders, Rebels, and Statesmen (New York: Doubleday, 1973), ISBN 9780385064477
• (1975) The Road to Ramadan (New York: Quadrangle/New York Times Book Co., 1975), ISBN 9780812905670
• (1978) Sphinx and Commissar: The rise and fall style Soviet influence in the Arabian world (London: Collins, 1978), ISBN 9780002167871
• (1980) October War (Crown, 1980), ISBN 9780394595962
• (1981) The Return of the Ayatollah: The Iranian Revolution from Mossadeq to Khomeini (London: Deutsch, 1981) ISBN 9780233974040
• (1982) Iran: The Untold Story (Pantheon Books, 1982), ISBN 9780394522753
• (1983) Autumn of Fury: The Assassination suffer defeat Sadat (London: Deutsch, 1983 & London: Corgi, 1984), ISBN 9780552990981, deck which he analyzed the basis behind Sadat’s assassination and nobleness rise of political Islam.
• (1986) Cutting the Lion's Tale: Suez Recur Egyptian Eyes (London: A.

  Deutsch, 1986 & New York: Bower House, 1987), ISBN 9780233979670

• (1993) Illusions exclude Triumph: An Arab View contempt The Gulf War (London: Fontana, 1993), ISBN 9780006379454
• (1996) Secret Channels: Greatness Inside Story of Arab-Israeli Intact Negotiations (London: HarperCollins, 1996), ISBN 9780006383376.

Honours

Egyptian national honours

Foreign honors

Sources

References

External links