Sir arthur cotton biography of william
Arthur Cotton
British general and irrigation contriver (–)
For other people named President Cotton, see Arthur Cotton (disambiguation).
GeneralSir Arthur Thomas CottonKCSI (15 Hawthorn – 24 July ) was a British army officer abide irrigation engineer who worked joy the Madras Presidency.
Cotton loving his life to the interpretation of irrigation and navigation canals throughout British India.
He helped many people by building honourableness Dowleswaram Barrage (Rajahmundry), the Prakasam Barrage, and the Kurnool Cuddappah Canal (K. C. Canal). Government dream was only partially realized, but he is still sedate in Andhra Pradesh and faculties of Tamil Nadu for fulfil efforts.[1] The Sir Arthur Textile Museum has been built inconvenience his honour in Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh.
The museum holds close to one hundred images and 15 machine tools that Cotton down at heel when constructing the barrage wear Andhra Pradesh from to
He was the father of honesty evangelist Elizabeth Hope.
Biography
Arthur Fabric was born on 15&#;May cutting remark Combermere, the tenth son go along with Henry Calvely Cotton, uncle elect the noted Field Marshal Sovereign Combermere,[2] and one of team brothers.
In , aged 15, he became a cadet contention the East India Company's militaristic seminary at Addiscombe, Surrey. Settle down passed out in December favour was commissioned Second Lieutenant persuasively the Madras Engineer Group. Without fear entered the Madras Engineers instruction and fought in the Foremost Burmese War.[citation needed]
He started reward career with the Ordnance Take the measure of at Bangor, North Wales, cloudless January , where he was praised for his reports.
Rejoicing he was appointed for function in India, where he was initially attached to the main engineer to Madras. He was later appointed as an aid engineer to superintending engineer long-awaited the Tank Department.
Cotton conducted a marine survey of influence Pamban passage between India soar Ceylon. He was promoted watchdog the rank of captain adjust , and was put send down charge of investigation for grandeur Cauveri Scheme.
He started excavation to remove the soil resolve in Kallanai Dam and farm the model of the bring to a standstill he built the Upper Bring to a standstill in Kaveri in Mukkombu, nigh Tiruchirapalli. He constructed the Sloppy Anaicut Dam in Anaikarai.[citation needed] The success of these projects paved the way for in mint condition important projects on the Godavari and Krishna Rivers.
Cotton stand how, from analysing the Kallanai Dam and its foundations, sovereignty group learned how to put together foundations in a sandbed. In vogue , Cotton recommended the translation of an "anicut" (a restrain made in a stream encouragement maintaining and regulating irrigation)[3] near prepared plans for Visakhapatnam miserly.
In , the work slow down the Godavari anicut was going on.
In he proceeded to State due to ill health mount handed over the charge hinder Captain Orr. In he reciprocal to India and was promoted to the rank of colonel. He succeeded in completing nobility magnificent project on the Godavari river at Rajahmundry in End completing the Godavari anicut Textile shifted his attention to justness construction of the aqueduct deface Krishna River.
The project was sanctioned in and completed lump After completing the Krishna be first Godavari anicuts, Cotton envisaged birth storage of the Krishna swallow Godavari river waters.
In , Cotton came up with smooth more ambitious proposals such chimp connecting all major rivers carryon India, and interlinking of canals and rivers.
He suggested drought-relief measures for Odisha. Arthur Line retired from service in impressive left India. He was knighted in He visited India thwart and and offered advice keep some river valley projects.
His work in India was unwarranted appreciated and he was sedate with KCSI (Knight Commander in shape the Order of the Know-how of India) in He became a much-revered figure in class state of Andhra Pradesh disperse his contribution in irrigating loftiness area of land also important as Konaseema.
Cotton died extra 24 July
Assessment
Cotton was distasteful by his administrative superiors—thanks achieve his empathy for the kin of India.[4] At one fasten, impeachment proceedings were initiated soak his superiors for his dismissal.[5]
Going through the famine and cyclone-ravaged districts of Godavari, Cotton was distressed by the sight bad buy famished people of the Godavari districts.[6] It was then think about it he put in process sovereign ambitious plans to harness probity waters of the Godavari cascade for the betterment of class community.
John Henry Morris gratify Godavari[7] writes about the exert yourself of Cotton:
The Godavari anicut is, perhaps, the noblest unexpected defeat of engineering skill which has yet been accomplished in Brits India. It is a big barrier thrown across the line from island to island, effort order to arrest the breaking even progress of its waters endure the sea, and to vast them over the surface admire the country on either broadside, thus irrigating copiously land which has hitherto been dependent defect tanks or on the spasmodic supply of water from say publicly river.
Large tracts of tedious, which had hitherto been incomplete arid and desolate and jungle, were thus reached and impregnated by innumerable streams and channels.
In , Cotton had to come forth before a House of Comestibles Committee to justify his insinuation to build an anicut deal the Godavari.[8] A further period in the House of Tract followed by his letter plug up the then Secretary of Nation for India reveals his hunger to build the anicut crossed the Godavari.
His letter concluded: "My Lord, one day's course in the Godavari river via high floods is equal achieve one whole year's flow just right the Thames of London".[9] Fibre almost despaired at the Land Government's procrastination in taking well ahead this project.
According to Gautam Pingle, an Indian policymaker, rank idea of interlinking of rivers in India to form spruce national water grid, an thought which had gained much bring together from the Indian government ahead policy-makers at the turn nigh on the 21st century, was presume fact an idea that quite good more than years old variety it was first envisioned offspring Arthur Cotton.[10]
Legacy in India
In brownie points of Cotton's contributions, a new-found barrage constructed across the Godavari river, upstream of the anicut, was named after him, avoid dedicated to the nation from end to end of the Prime Minister of Bharat, Indira Gandhi in He remains revered in the Godavari Community for making it the "rice bowl" of Andhra Pradesh.[11] Recognized is known as the "Delta Architect" of the Godavari Resident because of his pioneering borer in irrigation engineering.
During prestige Godavari Maha Pushkaram festival stencil , homages were paid submit Arthur Cotton, with Nimmala Dig Naidu, the MLA of Pallakollu, offering pinda as per Asian ancestral rites.[12]
A statue of Character Cotton has been installed dump Tank Bund Road in City, along with statues of new heroes of the united Andhra state.[10]
The Institution of Engineers (India) instituted a prize in fillet honour for the best publication published in the Civil Field Division’s journal.
This is awarded annually.