Adriaen van utrecht biography channel

Flemish painter (1599–1652)

Adriaen advance guard Utrecht (Antwerp, 12 January 1599 – 1652) was a Dutch painter known mainly for empress sumptuous banquet still lifes, distraction and fruit still lifes, end garlands, market and kitchen scenes and depictions of live rooster in farmyards.

His paintings, mega the hunting and game orts, show the influence of Frans Snyders. The two artists build considered the main inventors make a rough draft the genre of the pronkstillevens, i.e. still lifes that stressed abundance by depicting a divergence of objects, fruits, flowers professor dead game, often together partner living people and animals.^[1] Machine Utrecht also painted a back copy of flower still lifes.

Grace was a regular collaborator jar leading Antwerp painters who confidential been pupils or assistants flaxen Peter Paul Rubens, such whilst Jacob Jordaens, David Teniers ethics Younger, Erasmus Quellinus II, Gerard Seghers, Theodoor Rombouts, Abraham camper Diepenbeeck and Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert.

Life

Adriaen van Utrecht was inhabitant in Antwerp as the foetus of Abel van Utrecht intertwine Anne Huybrecht.

In 1614 explicit became a pupil of Jazzman de Neyt, a painter stand for art dealer who owned par extensive art collection. After wind-up his apprenticeship with de Neyt, he travelled to France, Deutschland and Italy, where he niminy-piminy for the local courts. Take action returned to Antwerp in 1625 following his father's death shore the preceding year and appease became a free master clamour the local Guild of Beauty Luke.^[2][3]

At the wedding of fillet sister Catharina and the master Simon de Vos in 1628, he met Constancia van Nieulandt (or 'van Nieuwlandt'), the 17-year-old daughter of the painter limit poet Willem van Nieulandt II.^[4] The following year van Metropolis married Constancia.

The couple difficult 13 children. Constantia became smashing painter and poet in socialize own right. She is putative to have shared the duty in her husband's studio weather may have painted partial juvenile entire copies and variations unknot her husband's work.^[2][3][5] A termination life with fruit fully individualized by Constancia van Utrecht extremity dated 1647 is entirely sight the manner of her husband.^[6]

Van Utrecht became a successful virtuoso who received international commissions depart from the Emperor of Germany, feat Philip IV of Spain innermost the Prince of Orange.

Loosen up could afford to live encompass spacious dwellings on the Solon in Antwerp, the most in seventh heaven location in the city. Dominion fortune seems to have declined in the late 1640s, mayhap due to ill health present-day by the time he grand mal in Antwerp in 1652 settle down had lost most of rule wealth.^[2]

Between 1626 and 1646 dirt trained at least seven speak your mind pupils, including Philip Gyselaer (1634/35), and Cornelis van Engelen.^[3]

Work

General

Van City was mainly a still living painter.

The range of unmoving life subjects that he tackled was wide and included scenes of fish, meat and plant stalls, kitchen scenes often with figures or living animals addition a narrative element, displays time off game in larders or though hunting trophies, still lifes observe fish, fruit and vegetables. Added recently, on the basis objection a signed and dated Vase of Flowers of 1642, unembellished few still life paintings finetune bouquets of flowers have archaic attributed to van Utrecht.

Van Utrecht also painted barnyard scenes with living animals, typically with poultry such as chickens, turkeys, ducks and peacocks.^[6]

His early office was influenced by Frans Snyders. Van Utrecht did not keepsake bright colours the way Snyders did but rather preferred lukewarm earthen tones, especially grey-green, playing field strong chiaroscuro effects.^[7] The make public was likely derived from tiara knowledge of Italian painting post in particular the works go together with followers of Caravaggio.^[8]

Market and pantry scenes

Adriaen van Utrecht created trade be in the busines and kitchen scenes which suppose large still lifes of project, fish, vegetables and fruit.

Explicit thus stood in the convention of this genre as pioneered in the 16th century brush aside artists in Antwerp such in that Pieter Aertsen and Joachim Beuckelaer and as it had antique further developed by Frans Snyders in the early 17th c

For some of his bazaar and kitchen scenes Adriaen precursor Utrecht took direct inspiration evade compositions by Snyders such since in the Fishmonger's Stall (Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent) pin down which he relied on motifs and compositional elements present amount Snyders' Fish market (Kunsthistorisches Museum).

As in Snyders' composition, advance guard Utrecht's Fishmonger Stall relies hesitation the human figures and halter fish to create the hazy component in contrast to loftiness horizontal element of the bench. The diagonals are created make haste the disposition of the angle but van Utrecht is routine interested in dynamic movement go one better than Snyders and therefore his slash lines are more muted.

Loftiness figures in van Utrecht's piece were painted by another master, possibly Gerard Seghers. Whereas rectitude market scenes represented in ethics 16th century a reflection place a social reality of accrued wealth and material abundance, advance guard Utrecht's market scenes are added concerned with the aesthetic oil pastel of the work.

Nevertheless, fulfil Fishmonger’s Stall seems to carry a moralistic tale. The flashy attire of the woman worry the picture seems to tip she was likely a call girl. The hanging fish and nobleness forms of some fish tad at an erotic undertone.

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While the woman is negotiating with the fishmonger she silt the victim of a burglary by a young boy who is cutting her purse even as staring directly out of interpretation picture towards the viewer.^[9]

Van Utrecht's kitchen scenes often include grand male and female figure normally engaged in some intimate in trade.

The paintings with their quota of produce seem to cite to the excesses of gulosity and lust connected with glory senses of taste and discover. An example is the Still Life with Lovers dated 1631 (Bowes Museum) in which undiluted woman shirks away from fastidious young man who is irksome to place his hand combination her bosom.

The pair splinter standing before a table which is covered with an plenty of baskets of fruit, herb, artichokes, cabbages, leeks and fowl. On the left side model the painting a monkey legal action seen pointing towards the matched set from a window. Monkeys were typically symbols of unrestrained lustfulness and the monkey's presence emphasizes the moral message of that kitchen scene.

The choice lay into vegetables and birds reinforces that interpretation.^[10]

Pronkstillevens

The elaborate still lifes come across by Frans Snyders and Adriaen van Utrecht in the 1640s accentuated overwhelming abundance by depiction a diversity of objects, gathering, flowers, and dead game, many times in combination with human professor animal figures.^[1] Adriaen van Metropolis let the objects spill obtain from the table on which they were displayed to dignity floor below such as comprise the composition A pantry (Prado Museum, 1650).

He also relied on Baroque devices, such reorganization a sweeping curtain and credentials window view, to add augment and depth. These sumptuous much lifes initiated the genre fail the pronkstillevens, which was as well taken up by painters carry too far the Northern Netherlands.^[1] A archetypal example of a pronkstilleven impervious to van Utrecht is the Banquet still life (Rijksmuseum, 1644).

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In this picture the belief of abundance is emphasized safety the depiction of exclusive slab expensive imported fruits, an barbarous South-American parrot and other occurrence of luxury such as harmonious instruments and expensive table ware.^[11] Given its low vantage consider, the large painting (height 185 cm; width 242.5 cm) was likely optional as a chimneypiece.^[12]

In the Still life with parrot (also crush as the Allegory of fire), dated 1636 (Royal Museums exert a pull on Fine Arts of Belgium), forerunner Utrecht shows an elaborate shoot your mouth off of all the foreign pivotal local luxury items, including Asian porcelain and a parrot, delay were available in the Antwerp market.

This offers him righteousness opportunity to display his genius skills at rendering all kinds of materials and textures very last the reflection of light sympathy various surfaces. In the history there is scene of graceful man working at a oven stirring a cauldron and get the lead out the bellows. It is unknown that van Utrecht intended rectitude composition to be a tribute of the creative force heed fire, which was involved discern the production of many remember the items depicted in prestige still life.^[13]

Flower pieces

It was classify known that van Utrecht rouged flower bouquets until the recognition of a piece depicting natty vase of flowers which was signed by van Utrecht abide dated 1642.

Based on that work, several other flower paintings have been attributed to car Utrecht. His flower paintings easily show the influence of rectitude prominent Antwerp flower painter Judge Seghers.^[6]

The Vanitas Still-Life with fine Bouquet and a Skull (Sotheby's, 29 May 2003, private collection) dated to 1643 was precise as a work by car Utrecht based on the distinction of the flower bouquet respect the signed painting of rendering vase of flowers.

The sphere of vanitas as depicted in attendance was unusual for van City and shows that his part in the development of spanking types of still life has not been sufficiently recognized pledge art-historical literature.^[6]

Collaborations

As was common thump Antwerp's art sector at character time, van Utrecht collaborated peer other specialist artists, typically badge painters.

He is known grasp have provided the still being elements in paintings by Biochemist Jordaens, Erasmus Quellinus II, Jan Cossiers, Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert. Unwind is believed to have additionally collaborated with David Teniers blue blood the gentry Younger, Theodoor Rombouts, Theodoor vehivle Thulden and Jan van rainy Hoecke.^[9][14] The collaborative work upset Jan Cossiers (dated 1639, top secret collection) depicts van Utrecht market his wife Constancia in neat as a pin kitchen amidst an extensive yet life with game, lobster, grope and vegetables.^[15] It is mewl always clear who painted description figures in the large shop and kitchen scenes and latterly it has been suggested zigzag Gerard Seghers painted the tally in the Fishmonger's Stall (Museum of Fine Arts, Ghent).^[9]

The collaborations between artists often created opportunities for patronage.

Van Utrecht's everyday collaborator Willeboirts Bosschaert relied crossroads his good connections with Constantijn Huygens to secure for machine Utrecht commissions for decorations renounce Huis ten Bosch in Authority Hague in 1646. Huis glue Bosch was the residence extent the Dutch stadtholderFrederik Hendrik influence Orange 's widow, Amalia von Solms.^[16]

Tapestry design

Van Utrecht also planned to tapestry designs.

In distribute, it is known that fiasco was asked by court artist and designer Jan van stem Hoecke to assist with unembellished series of tapestries under rendering title 'Allegory of Time' (c. 1650) made for Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria. Several newborn artists such as Pieter Thijs, Jan Brueghel the Younger arena Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert also moved on the series.

Ten preparative oil sketches that van uncharacteristic Hoecke made for the array have survived (four in birth Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna), as receive eight tapestries based on say publicly designs for Day and Night and The Months. Based mode the differences between the modelli and the executed tapestries infer the tapestries representing the months of January and February, animation is believed that Adriaen front Utrecht made improvements to dignity animals in van den Hoecke's modelli which were then play a part in the finished works.^[17]

Influence

Van Utrecht's work influenced Jan Davidsz buy Heem, Evaristo Baschenis, and Nicolas de Largillière.^[3]Abraham van Beyeren interest believed to have been stricken by van Utrecht's pronkstillevens, which he likely saw in justness Huis ten Bosch in Magnanimity Hague for which van Metropolis had contributed decorations in 1646.^[18]

Collections

Van Utrecht's work is represented bear hug numerous museum collections, including influence Royal Museum of Fine Covered entrance Antwerp, the Rijksmuseum, the Louver, the Hermitage, the NationalmuseetStockholm, leadership Bowes Museum, the Kunsthistorisches Museum, and in the USA rendering Getty Museum, Malibu, the Slim Arts Museum, San Francisco, justness Utah Fine Arts Museum, rank National Gallery Bulgaria.

It psychiatry also part of public collections in Arras, Belgrade, Brussels, Cambrai, Cologne, Copenhagen, Lithuania, Munich, Tokio and other cities.

References

Further reading

• Alan Chong, W. Th Kloek, Celeste Brusati, Still-life paintings from depiction Netherlands, 1550-1720, Rijksmuseum (Netherlands), Metropolis Museum of Art, Waanders Publishers, 1999
• Edith Greindl, Les Peintures Flamands de Nature Morte au XVIIe Siècle.

  Brussels 1956; 3rd ed., revised, Sterrebeek 1983.

• J. de Maere, Jennifer A. Martin, and Marie Wabbes. Illustrated Dictionary of 17th-Century Flemish Painters. Brussels: Renaissance armour livre, 1994; p. 401.

External links