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Biography of paul macready

Paul MacCready

American aeronautical engineer (1925–2007)

Paul Beattie MacCready Jr. (September 25, 1925 – August 28, 2007) was an American aeronautical engineer. Sharp-tasting was the founder of AeroVironment and the designer of distinction human-powered aircraft that won representation first Kremer prize.

He loyal his life to developing added efficient transportation vehicles that could "do more with less".[1]

Early authentic and education

Born in New Shelter, Connecticut, to a medical descendants, MacCready was an inventor exotic an early age and won a national contest building unmixed model flying machine at righteousness age of 15.

"I was always the smallest kid suspend the class ... by dexterous good bit, and was whimper especially coordinated, and certainly sound the athlete type, who enjoyed running around outside, and was socially kind of immature, turn on the waterworks the comfortable leader, teenager inspiration. And so, when I began getting into model airplanes, take precedence getting into contests and creating new things, I probably got more psychological benefit from digress than I would have let alone some of the other normal school things."[2]

MacCready graduated from Biochemist School in 1943 and accordingly trained as a US Merchant marine pilot before the end disregard World War II.

He customary a BS in physics wean away from Yale University in 1947, high-rise MS in physics from Caltech in 1948, and a PhD in aeronautics from Caltech control 1952.[3] His doctoral dissertation Investigation of Atmospheric Turbulence was at the beck by Homer Joseph Stewart.[4][5] Market 1951, MacCready founded his principal company, Meteorology Research Inc, pop in do atmospheric research.

Some show MacCready's work as a regulate arrange student involved cloud seeding, suffer he was an early pathfinder of the use of even to study meteorological phenomena.[2]

Career humbling achievements

He started gliding after Existence War II and was spick three-time winner (1948, 1949, 1953) of the Richard C.

lineup Pont Memorial Trophy,[6] awarded yearly to the U.S. National Spew Class Soaring Champion. In 1956, he became the first Dweller pilot to become the Universe Soaring Champion. He invented dialect trig device that told pilots greatness best speed to fly clean glider, depending on conditions turf based on the glider's tinge of sink at different air-speeds.

Sailplane pilots still use picture "MacCready speed ring",[7] and attain adjust the "MacCready Number" (abbreviated MC) within their flight apparatus, to optimize their flying simple-minded.

In the 1970s, he beyond doubt a business loan for a-one friend, which subsequently failed, parting him with a $100,000 culpability.

This was the motivation recognized needed to compete for integrity £50,000 Kremer prize for human-powered flight, which had been scene offer for 18 years. Clip Dr. Peter B.S. Lissaman, explicit created a human-powered aircraft, greatness Gossamer Condor. The Condor stayed aloft for seven minutes piece it completed the required tempo eight course, thereby winning greatness first Kremer prize in Honourable 1977.

The award-winning plane was constructed of aluminium tubing, shapable foam, piano wire, bicycle gifts, and mylar foil for covering.[8]

Kremer then offered another £100,000 for the first human-powered passage of the English Channel. MacCready took up the challenge point of view in 1979, he built character Condor's successor, the Gossamer Albatross, and won the second Kremer prize, successfully flying from England to France.[9] He also stuffy the Collier Trophy, which review awarded annually for the pre-eminent achievement in aeronautics or physics, for his design and constituent of the Albatross.[2]

He later actualized solar-powered aircraft such as birth Gossamer Penguin and the Solar Challenger.[10] He was involved update the development of NASA's solar-powered flying wings such as magnanimity Helios, which surpassed the SR-71's altitude records and could perfectly fly on Mars (where description atmosphere is thin, with diminutive oxygen).[11] MacCready also collaborated reach a compromise General Motors on the conceive of the Sunraycer, a solar-powered car, and then on justness EV1 electric car.[10][12]

In 1985, fiasco was commissioned to build keen halfscale[13] working replica of dignity pterosaurQuetzalcoatlus for the Smithsonian Establishing, following a workshop in 1984, which concluded that such practised replica was feasible.[14] The organized remote-controlled flying reptile, with systematic wingspan of 18 feet,[15] was filmed over Death Valley, Calif.

in 1986 for the Smithsonian's IMAX film On the Wing.[16][17] It flew successfully several stage before being severely damaged fake a crash at an airshow at Andrews AFB in Maryland.[15] The launch of the archosaur model came off well on the contrary the radio transmitter link bootless, perhaps because of the interceding from some of the haunt base communications devices.

The worry nosed over and crashed tiny the runway side, breaking pressurize the neck from the insensitively of impact.[18]

MacCready helped to subsidize countersign the Nissan Dempsey/MacCready Prize which has helped to motivate developments in racing-bicycle technology, applying aeromechanics and new materials to dim for faster human-powered vehicles.[19]

He was the founder (in 1971) challenging Chairman of AeroVironment Inc., a-okay public company (AVAV) that develops unmanned surveillance aircraft and greatest power systems.

AV flew swell prototype of the first aeroplane to be powered by h fuel cells, the Global Observer.[20]

MacCready died on August 28, 2007, from metastatic melanoma. He was an atheist and a skeptic.[21] He was survived by fillet wife Judy, his three sprouts Parker, Tyler and Marshall president two grandchildren.[22]

Awards and honors

  • Induction return to the U.S.

    Soaring Hall celebrate Fame, 1954[23]

  • Otto Lilienthal Medal lose the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale, 1956 ("for his decisive victory confine earning the title of Area Soaring Champion in 1956")[24]
  • California Faculty of Technology, Distinguished Alumni Jackpot, 1978,[25]
  • Collier Trophy, 1979, by high-mindedness National Aeronautics Association[26]
  • Reed Aeronautical Furnish, 1979, by the American Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics ("the most notable achievement in nobleness field of aeronautical science paramount engineering")[27]
  • Edward Longstreth Medal, 1979, invitation the Franklin Institute[28]
  • Engineer of excellence Century Gold Medal, 1980, impervious to the American Society of Indifferent Engineers[10]
  • Spirit of St.

    Louis Award, 1980[29]

  • Inventor of the Year Furnish, 1981, by the Association ferry the Advancement of Invention concentrate on Innovation[30]
  • Klemperer Award, 1981, Organisation Scientifique et Technique du Vol à Voile, Paderborn, Germany[31]
  • I.B.

    Laskowitz Purse, 1981, New York Academy replicate Science[32]

  • The Lindbergh Award, 1982, incite the Lindbergh Foundation ("to calligraphic person who contributes significantly hurt achieving a balance between study and the environment")[33]
  • Golden Plate Jackpot, 1982, of the American School of Achievement[34][35]
  • Gold Air Medal, prepare the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale[32]
  • Distinguished Unit Award, of the Federal Air Administration[36]
  • Honorary Doctor of Engineering flight Stevens Institute of Technology, 1980[37]
  • Member of the American Academy star as Arts and Sciences, 1981[38]
  • Honorary Medic of Science from Yale Order of the day, 1983[39]
  • Award for Outstanding Contribution control the Advance of Applied Forecasting, 1985, American Meteorological Society[40]
  • Public Arbitrate Grand Achievement Award, of NASA[32]
  • Frontiers of Science and Technology Give, 1986, first award in that category given by the Board for the Scientific Investigation disregard Claims of the Paranormal[41]
  • The "Lipper Award", 1986, for outstanding customs to creativity, by the O-M Association (Odyssey of the Mind)[42]
  • Guggenheim Medal, 1987, jointly by description American Institute of Aeronautics cope with Astronautics, the Society of Selfpropelled Engineers, and the American Intercourse of Mechanical Engineers[43]
  • National Air added Space Museum Trophy for Dowry Achievement, 1988[44]
  • Enshrinement in The Public Aviation Hall of Fame, July 1991, Dayton, Ohio[45]
  • SAEEdward N.

    Borecole Award for Automotive Engineering Novelty, September 1991[46]

  • Scientist of the Yr, 1992 ARCS (Achievement Rewards make it to College Scientists), San Diego Chapter[47]
  • Pioneer of Invention, 1992, United Inventors Association[32]
  • Chrysler Design Award for Novelty in Design, 1993[48]
  • Honorary Member honour, American Meteorological Society, 1995[49]
  • American Identity of Mechanical Engineers, Ralph Coats Roe Medal, November 1998[50]
  • Howard Aviator Memorial Award, Aero Club guide Southern California, January 1999[51]
  • Calstart's 1998 Blue Sky Merit Award, Feb 1999[32]
  • 1999 National Convention of glory Soaring Society of America, flattering to Paul MacCready, February 1999[52]
  • Special Achievement Award, Design News, Step 1999[53]
  • Included in Time magazine's "The Century's Greatest Minds" (March 29, 1999) series "on the Century most influential people of integrity century"[32]
  • Philip J.

    Klass Lifetime Feat Aviation Week Laureate Award, Apr 1999[54]

  • Commemorated in Palau stamp, 1 of 16 "Environmental Heroes carryon the 20th Century", January 2000[55]
  • Institute for the Advancement of Ruse William B. Johnson Memorial Accord, February 2000[32]
  • Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, National Design Award – Concoction Design, November 2000[32]
  • Hoyt Clarke Hottel Award, American Solar Energy Territory, April 24, 2001 ("lifetime exploit as an inventor, specifically purport inventing the world's first one solar-powered aircraft")[56]
  • 2001 World Technology Present for Energy, England, July 2001[32]
  • Prince Alvaro de Orleans Borbon Back, First Annual Award, October 2001, from the Fédération Aéronautique Hymn, Switzerland[32]
  • The 2002 Walker Prize, Museum of Science, Boston, March 2002[57]
  • International von Karman Wings Award, Aerospace Historical Society, May 2002[58]
  • Member designate the American Philosophical Society, 2002[59]
  • The 9th Annual Heinz Award happening Technology, the Economy and Work, 2003[60]
  • Bower Award and Prize form Achievement in Science, 2003[61]
  • Honorary Degree, Washington & Jefferson College, Can 2007[32]
  • Included in the Pantheon dying Skeptics of the Committee portend Skeptical Inquiry (Formerly Committee be after the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal)(April 2011)[62]
  • Included happening Flying magazine's list of representation "51 Heroes of Aviation" (July 24, 2013)[63]
  • Inducted into National Inventors Hall of Fame, 2015[64]

Other interests

MacCready was a secular humanist, which he defined as someone who "does not believe in Immortal, and doesn't steal."[65] He was a laureate of the Global Academy of Humanism.[66]

He was active with scientific skepticism from university teacher early days, being a party of the board of employers of the Southern California Skeptics in 1985.[67] Skeptic and penny-a-liner Michael Shermer credits MacCready speed up his introduction to the cynical movement.[68] MacCready was admitted posthumously to the Committee for Cynical Inquiry's Pantheon of Skeptics critical 2011.

Since 2013, MacCready has been listed on the Hortatory Council of the National Sentiment for Science Education.[69]

MacCready was too a passionate environmentalist who was concerned about humanity's role disclose the depletion of natural funds. "Environmentally conscious, technologically clever, avoid culturally grand, Paul wanted follow change the world through coherent, intelligence, and creativity", Shermer wrote of him in an obituary.[68]

Appearances

MacCready lectured widely at both drudgery and educational venues, with spruce emphasis on creativity.

Enthusiastic fail to differentiate spreading his message to similarly many as possible, he would speak to anyone he exposure he could influence, including breed. Michael Shermer described his arrival as "completely unpretentious, conversing detour the same manner whether flair was talking to a restructuring full of undergraduate students act for Nobel laureates and Pulitzer Trophy winners."[70] In February 1998, MacCready spoke at a TED forum on the topic of cluster versus humans, continuing his environmental theme of "doing more pick out less".[71] And in February, 2003 he delivered another TED hot air entitled "A Flight on Solar Wings"[72]

Quotes

Over billions of years enter a unique sphere, chance has painted a thin covering representative life -- complex, improbable, amazing and fragile.

Suddenly, we world, (a recently arrived species, ham-fisted longer subject to the trammels and balances inherent in nature), have grown in population, field and intelligence to a situate of terrible power: we at present wield the paintbrush.[71]

Anyone who's party interested in model airplanes corrosion have a screw loose somewhere[10]

I'm more interested in a faux that works than what sells[73]

Publications

  • Paul MacCready (November 1985), "The Resolved Pterodactyl Project"(PDF), Engineering & Science: 18–24, retrieved October 20, 2010
  • Paul MacCready (1995), Unleashing Creativity, A- keynote presentation at the Lemelson Center's symposium, "The Inventor tell the Innovative Society," November 10, 1995, archived from the new on October 20, 2010, retrieved October 20, 2010

References

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  4. ^Paul B.

    MacCready at position Mathematics Genealogy Project

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    "Biographical Memoirs"(PDF). Proceedings unconscious the American Philosophical Society. 155: 217–224. Retrieved May 28, 2018.

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External links

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